Source Register
Below you will find a consolidated, annotated register of the primary documents and secondary scholarship cited across Inner Dharma. Please consult the glossary for a list of terms and their definitions.
Primary sources
Classical manuscripts and archival documents, with archive and shelfmark where held.
Chiba Shūsaku. n.d. Chiba Shūsaku ikō (千葉周作遺稿).
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku
“Yuishogaki, Sakai-ke monjo (酒井家文書 由緒書).” n.d. Obama City Library (小浜市立図書館).
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku
Suifu keisan (水府系纂). n.d.
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku
Tōhan shikō (東藩史稿). n.d.
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku
實叉難陀 (Śikṣānanda, trans.). 699 AD. 大方廣佛華嚴經 (Daihōkō butsu Kegon-kyō;
80-fascicle Avataṃsaka). 大正新脩大藏經 (Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō). T10, no. 279 · Open full-text via CBETA and SAT2018.
Cited in: Shinkage-ryū in Kyushu
靜筠二禪師 (Jing and Yun, comp.). 952 AD. 祖堂集 (Sodōshū; Zǔtáng jí). 大藏經補編 (Dazangjing bubian). B25, no. 144 · Open full-text via CBETA.
Cited in: Shinkage-ryū in Kyushu
道原 (Daoyuan). 1004. 景德傳燈錄 (Keitoku Dentōroku; Jǐngdé chuándēng
lù). 大正新脩大藏經 (Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō). T51, no. 2076 · Open full-text via CBETA and SAT2018.
Cited in: Shinkage-ryū in Kyushu
Chéng Zōngyóu (程宗猷; 1561–1636). 1621. “Gēngyú shèngjì (耕餘剩技; Skills Beyond Farming).” Manuscript.
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
Huáng Zōngxī (黃宗羲). 1669. “Wáng Zhēngnán mùzhìmíng (王征南墓誌銘; Epitaph for Wang Zhengnan).” Manuscript.
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
Ōe 〔given name unverified〕. 1670. “Ōe densho, incl. Kagami-no-maki (鏡之巻) kyūsho genealogy.” Kumamoto Prefectural Library (熊本県立図書館). 〔unverified〕 · Working relationship established.
Cited in: Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
Ogasawara Genshinsai (小笠原源信斎). 1670. “Shin-no-Shinkage-heihō mokuroku (真之心陰兵法目録, Kanbun 10 / 1670) and menjō (免状, Kanbun 13 / 1673).” Odawara City Library (小田原市立図書館蔵).
Ogasawara Genshin Yoshiharu. 1670. “Shin-no-shinkage-ryū Heihō Mokuroku.” Odawara City Library, Fujita Seikō Bunko. Fujita Seikō Bunko (shelfmark unverified) · Held Odawara City Library; consulted secondhand via the Enpi no Kenkyū weblog transcription, not from the original.
Cited in: Yamada Ippūsai Mitsunori
Nakano Nariaki. 1710. “Taisha-ryū kaichū (タイ捨流解紐).” Saga Prefectural Library (main building), Nabeshima-ke Bunko (reproduction; original deposited by the Nabeshima Hōkōkai). 複鍋/353-1 · 複製史料 (reproduction copy), in-library use only (禁帯出), open stacks (新庫３層), item code 210018230; on shelf. No digitization or published transcription located; photocopy of the reproduction obtainable on request..
Hinatsu Shigetaka. 1716. Honchō bugei shōden. Bujutsu sōsho (武術叢書, 1915) collation, NDL Digital Collections; also Shinpen bujutsu sōsho (Jinbutsu Ōraisha, 1968), pp. 5–108. NDL 789.3-B98-B; pid 2518501 · digitized; NDL registered-user transmission
(個人送信).
Dài Lóngbāng (戴龍邦). 1750. “Liùhé quán xù (六合拳序; Preface to the Six-Harmonies Fist Manual).” Manuscript.
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
“Jikishinkage-ryū mokuroku (直心影流目録), Meiwa 5 (1768).” 1768. Waseda University, Kotenseki Sōgō Database. ケ05 01032 0001 · public scan; downloadable.
“Jikishinkage-ryū mokuroku (直心影流兵法目録添状), Meiwa 5 (1768).” 1768. Waseda University, Kotenseki Sōgō Database. http://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/ke05/ke05_01032/ke05_01032_0002/. ケ05 01032 0002 · public scan; downloadable.
Kitō-ryū (commemorative inscription). 1779. Kitō-ryū kenpō-hi (起倒流拳法碑; Kitō-ryū
boxing stele). Atago Jinja (愛宕神社), Minato-ku, Tōkyō. 〔n/a — epigraphic〕 · Public (shrine grounds).
Cited in: Kitō-ryū
Mikami Genryū. 1790. Gekiken sōdan (撃剣叢談).
“Jikishinkage-ryū Hōjō (直心影流法定) — Naganuma Tadasato; copied by Ogawa Yashichi.” 1800. Waseda University, Kotenseki Sōgō Database (早稲田大学古典籍総合データベース). ケ05 01032 0003 · public scan; downloadable.
Author unknown. 1843. Bujutsu ryūso-roku (武術流祖録). Bujutsu sōsho (武術叢書, 1915) collation, NDL Digital Collections.
Cited in: Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
Kanō Jigorō. 1888. 〔1888 writing on the origin of jūjutsu — exact
title/venue to confirm〕.
Cited in: Kitō-ryū
Yoshida Chiharu, and Iso Mataemon. 1893. Tenjin Shin’yō-ryū jūjutsu gokui kyōju zukai
(天神真楊流柔術極意教授図解). Iguchi Matsunosuke (井口松之助). Kokuritsu Kokkai Toshokan (国立国会図書館; National
Diet Library). Call no. 70-229 (alt. YDM75629); NDL bib ID 000000493376;
persistent ID info:ndljp/pid/860406 · NDL Digital Collections,
https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/860406 (full digitised
text; the curriculum is at pp. 261–271, frame 130).
Cited in: Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
Fujii Muneo. 1899. Hamada-kan 浜田鑑. Adachi Kyōeidō.
Cited in: Takahashi Hatsuji
Saitō Akinobu (斎藤明信). 1901. Jikishinkage-ryū kenjutsu kyōju zukai
(直心影流剣術教授図解).
国書刊行会 (Kokusho Kankōkai, ed.). 1915. 武術叢書 (Bujutsu sōsho). 国書刊行会. NDL Digital Collections 945805.
Sano Katsuhisa. 1915. “Yagyū-ryū Shinpishō.” In Bujutsu Sōsho, edited by Yoshimaru Kazumasa. Kokusho Kankōkai. National Diet Library Digital Collections. PID 945805, image 165 · Open, full-text OCR and page images.
Cited in: Yamada Ippūsai Mitsunori
Dai Nippon Butokukai Budō Senmon Gakkō. 1927. Dai Nippon Butokukai Budō Senmon Gakkō ichiran, Shōwa 2
(大日本武徳会武道専門学校一覧 昭和2年). Dai Nippon Butokukai Budō Senmon Gakkō. NDL Digital Collections. NDL pid 1465808 (https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/1465808).
Cited in: Naitō Takaharu
Huáng Bǎijiā (黃百家). 1928. “Nèijiā quánfǎ (內家拳法; Methods of the Internal School), in Qīngshǐgǎo (清史稿).” Manuscript.
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
Kōdansha, Dai Nippon Yūbenkai, ed. 1934. Kōtaishi Denka Go-tanjō Hōshuku: Shōwa Tenran-jiai (皇太子殿下御誕生奉祝 昭和天覧試合). Dai Nippon Yūbenkai Kōdansha (大日本雄弁会講談社).
Cited in: Nakayama Hakudō
Wú Gōngzǎo (吳公藻). 1935. Tàijíquán jiǎngyì (太極拳講義). Hunan Martial Arts Training Institute
(湖南國術訓練所).
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
Kunii Zen’ya. 1960. Shōwa no musha-shugyō nikki
(昭和の武者修行日記). Jinbutsu Ōraisha (人物往来社)〈Jinbutsu Ōrai
Rekishi Tokuhon 5-11〉.
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Imamura Yoshio, Ogasawara Kiyonobu, and Kishino Yūzō, eds. 1966. Nihon budō zenshū, dai-5-kan: Jūjutsu, karate, kenpō, aikijutsu (日本武道全集 第5巻 柔術・空手・拳法・合気術). Jinbutsu Ōraisha (人物往来社).
Matsuo Bashō. 1979. Bashō: Oku no hosomichi, tsuki Sora ryonikki,
Okuhosomichi sugagomoshō (芭蕉
おくのほそ道――付
曾良旅日記・奥細道菅菰抄). Edited by Hagiwara Yasuo. Iwanami Bunko. Iwanami Shoten (岩波書店).
Imamura Yoshio, ed. 1995. Shiryō Yagyū Shinkage-ryū (史料柳生新陰流). Shin-Jinbutsu Ōraisha (新人物往来社).
Patrick Olivelle. 1998. The Early Upaniṣads: Annotated Text and Translation. Oxford University Press.
Swami Veda Bharati. 2001. Yoga-Sūtras of Patañjali with the Exposition of Vyāsa,
Volume II: Sādhana-pāda. Motilal Banarsidass.
Rolf W. Giebel. 2005. The Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sutra. BDK English Tripiṭaka. Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research.
Dakpo Tashi Namgyal. 2006. Mahāmudrā: The Moonlight — Quintessence of Mind and
Meditation. 2nd ed. Wisdom Publications.
Wú Shū (吳殳). 2006. Shǒubì lù (手臂錄), Zegu Zhai congchao edition
(泽古斋丛抄本). Shanxi Science and Technology Press
(山西科学技术出版社).
Jōshin hosshinnō. n.d. “Shō-ichi-i Haguro Sansho Dai-gongen (正一位羽黒三所大権現).” n.d. Dewa Sanzan History Museum (出羽三山歴史博物館), Hagurosan. accession number not recorded · on display; photographed in situ, 2004.
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Jōshin hosshinnō. n.d. “Namu Shōken Daibosatsu (南無照見大菩薩).” n.d. Dewa Sanzan History Museum (出羽三山歴史博物館), Hagurosan. accession number not recorded · on display; photographed in situ, 2004.
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Author unknown. n.d. Kōbō Daishi sonzō (弘法大師尊像). Dewa Sanzan History Museum (出羽三山歴史博物館),
Hagurosan. accession number not recorded · on display; photographed in situ, 2004.
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Dainichi-ji. n.d. Sanzan honji surimono (三山本地刷物). Dewa Sanzan History Museum (出羽三山歴史博物館),
Hagurosan. accession number not recorded · on display; photographed in situ, 2004.
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Author unknown. n.d. Tengu-kyō (天狗経). Nihon Daizōkyō, Shugendō shōsho subcollection. NDL Digital Collections (login-gated for the relevant
volumes); modern reprint via Kokusho Kankōkai 2000.
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Qī Jìguāng. 〔1560s; rev. c. 1584〕. Jìxiào xīnshū (紀效新書).
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
Kokushō-ji (temple tradition). 〔c. 1625–1627〕. “〔Fukuno–Chén Yuánbīn encounter at Kokushō-ji — as recorded in Kitō-ryū / Ryōi Shintō-ryū lineage texts〕.” 〔c. 1625–1627〕. 〔Kokushō-ji (国昌寺), Azabu — document identity unverified〕. 〔unverified〕 · 〔unverified〕.
Cited in: Kitō-ryū
Matsumiya Kanzan. 〔early-to-mid 18th century〕. Jūjutsu-ki (柔術記).
Cited in: Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
Kunii Zen’ya. 〔erected after 1966〕. “Kunii Zen’ya bohi (国井善弥墓碑; grave stele of Kunii Zen’ya).” 〔erected after 1966〕. Grave at Yumoto/Sekifune, Iwaki, Fukushima. 〔n/a — epigraphic〕 · Public (cemetery); full text transcribed online.
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Tenjin Shin’yō-ryū (compiler unknown). 〔mid-19th century〕. “Tōryū taii-roku (当流大意録).” 〔mid-19th century〕. 〔repository unverified〕. 〔unverified〕 · 〔unverified〕.
Cited in: Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
Ōe Senbei. 〔undated; pre-TSR Yōshin-ryū〕. “Shizuma-no-maki (静間之巻〔reading tentative〕).” 〔undated; pre-TSR Yōshin-ryū〕. Nagasaki Prefectural Library (長崎県立図書館). 〔unverified〕 · 〔unverified〕.
Cited in: Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
Matsumoto Bizen-no-kami Ki no Masamoto. 〔undated; traditional attribution〕. “Tengu-gaki (天狗書; ‘tengu writ’) — Kashima Shin-ryū credential scroll.” 〔undated; traditional attribution〕. Kashima Shin-ryū shihanke (held privately). 〔n/a〕 · 〔restricted; not publicly catalogued〕.
Cited in: Kashima Shin-ryū, Kunii Zen'ya
Secondary scholarship
Modern scholarship, reference works and tabulations.
Chiba-shi keizu / Chiba Shūsaku denki shiryō
(千葉氏系図・千葉周作伝記資料). n.d. Web source.
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku
Dainichibō. n.d. Dainichibō kōshiki saito
(湯殿山総本寺瀧水寺大日坊 公式サイト).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Dewa Sanzan Jinja. n.d. Dewa Sanzan Jinja kōshiki hōmupēji (出羽三山神社
公式ホームページ).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Haguro-machi Kankō Kyōkai. n.d. Haguro-machi Kankō Kyōkai (羽黒町観光協会).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Rekishi to enkaku / jinbutsu-den
(歴史と沿革／人物伝). n.d. Hokushin Ittō-ryū Genbukan (北辰一刀流玄武館). Accessed July 3, 2026. https://hokushin-ittoryu.com/history/.
Cited in: Shimoe Hidetarō
Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryū Hyakuren-kai —
"Kashima Jingū no kanren shisetsu"
(鹿島神宮の関連施設). n.d. Hyakuren-kai (百錬会), https://100ren.jimdoweb.com/.
Inaba Minoru. n.d. Toki wa inochi: yūgen naru jinsei ni, kokorozashi o
sadame kōdō seyo
(時は命――有限なる人生に、志を定め行動せよ),
interview. Kikan Dō (季刊『道』), Dō Shuppan, 2008.
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Inaba Minoru. n.d. Kashima no hidachi (鹿島の秘太刀), instructional
video. BAB Japan.
Cited in: Kashima Shin-ryū, Kunii Zen'ya
Inoue Nisshō (井上日召). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryū — Issei-kai
(鹿島神傳直心影流 一誠会). n.d. Issei-kai homepage and "Rekidai Dōtōsha"
(歴代道統者) page, https://www.isseikaiweb.com/.
Kashima-shinden Jikishinkage-ryū Isseikai. n.d. Rekidai dōtōsha. Isseikai website. https://www.isseikaiweb.com/歴代道統者/.
Cited in: Jikishinkage-ryū
Itō Nobuhiro (伊藤信博). n.d. “Tengu no imēji seisei ni tsuite — jūni-seiki kōhan
made o chūshin ni
(天狗のイメージ生成について――十二世紀後半までを中心に).” Nagoya Daigaku Gengo Bunka Ronshū
(名古屋大学言語文化論集) 29 (1).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Shōgitai (彰義隊). n.d. JapanKnowledge (Nihon Daihyakka Zensho / Sekai Daihyakka
Jiten / Kokushi Daijiten).
Cited in: Late Bakumatsu Military Units
Dai Nippon Butokukai (大日本武徳会). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku, Naitō Takaharu
Chiba Shūsaku (千葉周作). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku
Hokushin Ittō-ryū (北辰一刀流). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Mito Tōbukan (水戸東武館). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku, Naitō Takaharu
Naitō Takaharu (内藤高治). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Cited in: Chiba Shūsaku, Naitō Takaharu
Japanese Wikipedia. n.d. Shimoe Hidetarō (下江秀太郎). Wikipedia. Accessed July 3, 2026. https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/下江秀太郎.
Cited in: Shimoe Hidetarō
Nihon Kobudō Kyōkai. n.d. Kashima-shinden Jikishinkage-ryū. Nihon Kobudō Kyōkai website. https://www.nihonkobudokyoukai.org/martialarts/026/.
Cited in: Jikishinkage-ryū
Nakabayashi Shinji. n.d. Jikishinkage-ryū. Sekai Daihyakka Jiten / Nippon Daihyakka Zensho, via
Kotobank. https://kotobank.jp/word/直心影流-72621.
Cited in: Jikishinkage-ryū
Oimatsu Shin’ichi. n.d. “Yōshin-ryū, Shin-no-Shintō-ryū, Tenjin Shin’yō-ryū
ni tsuite
(楊心流・真之神道流・天神真楊流について).” 〔Juntendō Univ. bulletin — journal/volume/year to
confirm〕.
Cited in: Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
Ōmori Sōgen (大森曹玄). n.d. Ken to Zen (剣と禅). Shunjūsha (春秋社).
Cited in: Yamada Ippūsai Mitsunori
Ōmori Sōgen (大森曹玄). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Pranin, Stanley. n.d. Saigō Tanomo and Takeda Sokaku. Aiki News / Aikido Journal, various issues.
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Reichsarchiv. n.d. Arisugawa-no-miya-ke (有栖川宮家).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Hagurosan Kōtaku-ji Shōzenin. n.d. Hagurosan Kōtaku-ji Shōzenin kōshiki saito
(羽黒山荒澤寺正善院 公式サイト).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Kuroda-han-den Yagyū Shinkage-ryū Shūyūkan. n.d. Kage-ryū (陰流) — curriculum notes. https://syuyukan.jimdofree.com/陰流/.
Cited in: Evolution of Jikishinkage-ryū Densho
Kajitani Toshiaki (梶谷敏明). n.d. Sasaki Kojirō Buzen Soeda-setsu, sono 1–3 (佐々木小次郎豊前添田説 その1～3). Soeda Town (添田町). https://www.town.soeda.fukuoka.jp/site/soeda-shinwa/1103.html.
Steele, M. William. n.d. Apocalypse Now: An Alternate View of the Bakumatsu Years. Meiji at 150 Digital Teaching Resource, University of
British Columbia. https://meijiat150dtr.arts.ubc.ca/essays/steele/.
Cited in: Late Bakumatsu Military Units
Sueki Fumihiko. n.d. Nihon Bukkyō-shi (日本仏教史).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Takano Shigeyoshi. n.d. Kendō ichiro (剣道一路).
Cited in: Shimoe Hidetarō
Takasaki City (高崎市). n.d. Nen-ryū (tsūshō Maniwa Nen-ryū) — cultural-property
listing (念流（通称馬庭念流）). https://city.takasaki.gunma.jp/docs/2013121801485.
Cited in: Kashima Shin-ryū, Kunii Zen'ya
Tōyama Hidezō (頭山秀三). n.d. Kotobank (20-seiki Nihon jinmei jiten /
日外アソシエーツ).
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Uchida Ryōhei (内田良平). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Web Hiden. n.d. Okuyama Ryūhō (shodai) (奥山龍峰（初代）).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Hakkō ichiu (八紘一宇). n.d. Japanese Wikipedia.
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Akiba Gongen (秋葉権現).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Dainichibō (大日坊).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Daitengu (大天狗).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Dewa Sanzan (出羽三山).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Haguro Gongen (羽黒権現).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Hakkō-ryū Jūjutsu (八光流柔術).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Kōtaku-ji (荒沢寺).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Saigō Tanomo (西郷頼母).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Wikipedia contributors. n.d. Tendai zasu (天台座主).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Yamagata Prefecture. n.d. Dewa Sanzan (出羽三山), Yamagata monogatari.
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Yin Cheng Gong Fa North America. n.d. The Song of Push Hands (Dǎshǒu gē 打手歌).
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
Zhuangzi (莊子). n.d. Columbia University Press / Hackett.
Cited in: Eight Phases and Eight Extremes
Lindsay, Thomas, and Kanō Jigorō. 1889. “Jiujutsu: The Old Samurai Art of Fighting without
Weapons.” Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan 16: 192–205〔page range to confirm〕.
Cited in: Kitō-ryū
渋沢 栄一. 1918. Tokugawa Yoshinobu-kō Den (徳川慶喜公伝). Vol. 4. 竜門社.
Cited in: Matsuoka Yorozu
Nihon Daizōkyō Hensankai. 1920. Shugendō shōsho (修験道章疏). Nihon Daizōkyō Hensankai (日本大蔵経編纂会).
Cited in: Haguro Shugendō
Yamada Jirōkichi (山田次朗吉). 1929. Nihon Kendō Shi (日本剣道史).
Cited in: Eight Phases and Eight Extremes
Hori Shōhei. 1934. Dai Nippon kendō-shi (大日本剣道史).
Cited in: Shimoe Hidetarō
Oimatsu Shin’ichi. 1963. “Kitō-ryū jūjutsu ni tsuite
(起倒流柔術について).” Juntendō Daigaku Taiikugakubu kiyō
(順天堂大学体育学部紀要), no. 6.
Cited in: Kitō-ryū
Morikawa Tetsurō. 1964. “Muteki no ken, Kashima Shin-ryū
(無敵の剣、鹿島神流).” In Budō Nihon, jō (武道日本 上). Puresu Tōkyō (プレス東京).
Cited in: Kunii Zen'ya
Táng Háo (唐豪), and Gù Liúxīn (顧留馨). 1964. Tàijíquán yánjiū (太極拳研究). Bailing, Hong Kong.
Cited in: An Overview of Wú Tàijíquán Practice
Imaizumi Sadasuke. 1969. Imaizumi Sadasuke-sensei kenkyū zenshū
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