Glossary · 用語集

Terms appearing across the site, with their graphs and working translations. Romanization follows the site conventions: modified Hepburn with macrons, pinyin with tone marks, and IAST for Sanskrit.

aiki (合気)
joined energy
aiki-jūjutsu (合気柔術)
Jūjutsu art of Takeda Sōkaku
aiki-ken (合気剣)
Sword practice of Aikidō
aiki-no-jutsu (合気之術)
art of aiki
atemi (当て身)
striking
bokutō (木刀)
wooden sword
chūshin (中心)
centerline
empi (猿飛)
monkey jump/flying
enbu (演武)
public demonstration
fukuro shinai (袋竹刀)
sheathed practice sword
furi (振)
swinging, shaking — of the weapon or spirit; likened to rowing

Gassan Heihō (月山兵法)

go no sen (後の先)
seizing initiative after
gogyō (五行; wǔxíng)
five phases
gogyō no tachi (五行之太刀)
five-elements sword [techniques]
gokui (極意)
ultimate principle
goshin-jutsu (護身術)
self-defense art
habiki (刃引)
blunt-edged practice sword
hassun no nobagane (八寸の延金)
Eight inch Metal Extension
hassō (八相)
posture of the eight aspects

heihō (兵法)

hiden (秘伝)
secret transmission

Hikita (疋田)

hyakuren jitoku (百錬自得)
mastery gained through a hundred refinements
hyōshi (拍子)
rhythm, timing
hōjō (法定)
prescribed method/dharma procedure
iai (居合)
rapid sword deployment
jian (; jiàn)
straight sword
jigeiko (地稽古)
free practice
jin (勁; jìn)
refined force
jitsu (實)
substantial/solid
jōdan (上段)
upper-level posture
kaeshi (返し)
counter
kage ()
shadowing
kaito (回刀)
circular sword (rolling action)
kamae (構え)
posture, guard
katageiko (形稽古)
kata practice
katana ()
Chinese or Japanese single-edged saber
kenpō (劍法)
sword fighting methods/techniques
kiai (気合)
spirit-harmony – intent or combative vocalisation
kime (極め)
decisiveness
kobudō (古武道)
classical martial ways
kodachi (小太刀)
short sword
koryū (古流)
classical school
kuzushi (崩し)
off-balancing
kyōshi (教士)
teaching license
liùhé (六合; liùhé)
six harmonies
ma-ai (間合)
combative distance
makiuchi (巻落)
wrapping dropping (cut)
marobashi (転)
(also written 丸橋)
maroboshi (転)
rolling/tumbling [technique]
Marubashi (転)
rolling/tumbling [technique]
men ()
head target
miao dao (苗刀; miáodāo)
long sabre
mokuroku (目録)
catalogue scroll of transmission
nagashi (流し)
flowing deflection
nihontō (日本刀)
Japanese sword
ning (拧; níng)
twisting
nèigōng (內功; nèigōng)
internal training
odachi (大太刀)
large great sword
omote ()
outer, formal
pīquán (劈拳; pīquán)
splitting fist
qi (; qì)
vital energy
ren ()
linking/sequential techniques
ryūha (流派)
school, tradition
saru ()
monkey
sen ()
initiative
sen no sen (先の先)
seizing initiative simultaneously
sen sen no sen (先々の先)
seizing initiative before
sha ()
low rear posture (Jiki; cf. kendō waki-gamae 脇構)
shi (仕)
receiving role
shiai (試合)
contest
shichijō no tachi (七条之太刀)
seven-article sword [techniques]
shichijō-no-tachi (七条之太刀)
seven-article sword [techniques]
shidachi (仕太刀)
receiving sword (role)
shin ()
core/inner material
shinai (竹刀)
bamboo sword
shugyō (修行)
ascetic training
suriage (摺り上げ)
rising deflection
tachi (太刀)
long sword
tameshi-ai (驗試合)
testing match
tō-no-kata (韜之形)
tactical (encirclement) forms
uchi (打)
striking role
wǔxíng (五行; wǔxíng)
five phases

Yagyū (柳生)

yama arashi (山嵐)
mountain storm
yanagi ()
ryū / yanagi
yawara ()
grappling; jiu-jitsu
zanshin (残心)
sustained vigilance
Zhān Nián Lián Suí (沾粘連随; zhān nián lián suí)
adhere, stick, join, follow
ōdachi (大太刀)
great sword