Enomoto Shōji, “Names and schools in Toda Hachirōzaemon’s diary” (1981)
Enomoto Shōji (榎本鐘司), 「戸田八郎左衛門「日記」にみられる講武所武芸教授方、世話心得、修行人人名と流派について」, Budōgaku Kenkyū (武道学研究) 14(2), 1981, pp. 11–12. Nanzan University.
What this paper is — and is not
This is a two-page conference report about a name compilation (the 人名一覧), not a paper that reproduces one. The 434-person list Enomoto describes was a handout distributed on the day of the meeting (大会当日配布) and is not reprinted here. The 134-name escort roster he mentions is likewise only referred to, not transcribed. The paper therefore supplies statistics and source-critical commentary, and points to where the names live, but does not itself constitute a roster of Kōbusho trainees.
Source base
The compilation rests on the Toda family documents (戸田家文書), centred on the diary of Kōbusho kenjutsu instructor Toda Hachirōzaemon Tadamichi (戸田八郎左衛門忠道) during his tenure as kenjutsu shihan-yaku-nami (剣術師範役並), Bunkyū 1/1–Bunkyū 2/8. Supplementary sources: 陸軍歴史 (via 勝海舟全集 13, Kōdansha); 柳営補任 (in 大日本近世史料); two Toda-held 御役人附 registers (Bunkyū 1 Kazunomiya escort; Keiō 1 shinpatsu); the Keiō 1 有司便覧; and 続徳川実紀 (in 新訂増補国史大系), consulted but not mined for names. A separate Toda document — the Bunkyū 3/2/13 escort roster (類割) for Iemochi’s journey to Kyoto — is noted as holding 134 names, again not listed.
Aggregate figures
460 name-instances (延460名); 434 unique persons after deduplication. Stated breakdown:
| Division | Total | kyōju-kata (教授方) or above | seiwa-kokoroe / -suke |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kenjutsu-kata (剣術方) | 246 | 31 | 92 |
| Sōjutsu-kata (槍術方) | 132 | 22 | 68 |
| Jūjutsu-kata (柔術方) | 4 | — | — |
| Kenjutsu + jūjutsu | 4 | — | — |
| Sōjutsu + kenjutsu | 1 | — | — |
| Unknown (不明) | 29 | — | — |
Flag: the division figures sum to 416, not the stated 434 (an 18-person gap). The article does not reconcile this. Cannot be resolved from the paper alone; may reflect overlapping-category counting in the original or a transcription artifact. Verify against the original before relying on the totals.
Schools
Only 77 of the 434 have an identified school. Enomoto highlights kenjutsu-division schools outside the founding kyōju-kata lineages: 智元今川流 〔reading uncertain — Chigen Imagawa-ryū?〕, 心形一刀流 (as printed; the standard school name is 心形刀流, Shingyō-tō-ryū — possible variant or misprint), 神陰流 (Shinkage-ryū), 長沢流 (Nagasawa-ryū). He reads the presence of such integrated (“総合武術的”) schools, and their appointment to okuzume (奥詰), as characteristic of the Ogawamachi Kōbusho. For jūjutsu he identifies 陽春流 (queried as possibly 楊心流, Yōshin-ryū) practised as randori, and 起倒流 (Kitō-ryū) practised as kata — his evidence that the Kōbusho ran both forms of practice.
Source-critical cautions (Enomoto’s own)
- Role labels in 陸軍歴史’s 講武所臨時泊番 name list are frequently erroneous; the 人名一覧 reproduces them as-is, so its role attributions inherit that unreliability.
- 陸軍歴史 names often differ by one character (1字違い) from parallel sources; Enomoto cannot determine whether the discrepancy is in the manuscript or in the Kōdansha edition’s proofreading.
- The Toda diary shows okuzume distinguishing 本役 (hon’yaku) from 介 (suke).
- Sōjutsu coverage is admittedly gappy (escort-roster spear names unknown); kenjutsu coverage is comparatively complete.
- Kyūjutsu was excluded and jūjutsu included because jūjutsu men were being absorbed into the kenjutsu-kata — only 4 appear as jūjutsu proper, and the kenjutsu-kata count likely conceals more.
Individuals actually named
The article names only a handful of persons in illustration:
- Tamon Masafumi (多門正文) 〔the diary form is given as 多門槍次郎 — given-name reading uncertain〕 — same school (同門) as Toda Tadamichi; disciple of Kubota Sugane (窪田助太郎清音, Tamiya-ryū). Appointed Kōbusho seiwa-kokoroe in both kenjutsu and jūjutsu, and later joined the gekken-kōgyō (撃剣興行) with Sakakibara Kenkichi — a direct Kōbusho→gekken thread.
- Toda Hachirōzaemon Tadamichi (戸田八郎左衛門忠道) — the diarist whose documents anchor the study.
- Sakakibara Kenkichi (榊原鍵吉) and Kubota Sugane (窪田清音) — in passing only.
Where the underlying lists are, and online availability
The two roster-type sources cited in the paper are not the 人名一覧 handout itself (unpublished; not traced online) or the Toda family documents (戸田家蔵版, privately held; not online). Of the published name-sources Enomoto drew from, the two roster-bearing works differ sharply in remote accessibility:
- 陸軍歴史 — freely readable online (internet-public, public-domain mark). The NDL-digitised copy is the original 1889 陸軍省総務局 edition — the same work Enomoto cited via the Kōdansha 勝海舟全集 13 reprint (the reprint is in copyright and not online; this base text is). Digitised as IIIF image scans, so navigate by TOC or NDL OCR full-text search rather than clean text. This is the source of the 講武所臨時泊番 name list — subject to the role-label and 1字違い caveats above. NDL req. a392-9; 全国書誌番号 48002778.
- 柳営補任 (大日本近世史料 ed., 東京大学史料編纂所編 / 東大出版会) — digitised on NDL Digital Collections, but access-restricted: 国立国会図書館内限定公開 (on-site at NDL only), and outside the 個人送信 personal-transmission scheme, as the modern edition remains in copyright. No remote full-text search. Access routes: on-site NDL visit; in-print volumes (東大出版会, ~¥10,450/vol); a research library holding the set. Original manuscript privately held (徳川宗家). Arranged by office, so the 講武所 appointments fall under the 「安政以来新規御役之部」 section; the 姓名索引 volume (pid 12282258) is the entry point once on-site.
Neither the conference 人名一覧 nor the 134-name 類割 escort roster is reproduced or independently searchable; recovering those specific lists would require the handout or the Toda documents directly.
